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Meat processing in a medieval and early modern city from the perspective of archeozoology
SLOVÁK, Martin
This paper aims to approach butchery techniques in the urban environment medieval and early modern period. The theoretical part deals with the guild and the craft environment of the butcher's guild organization, which was the basis for the processing and distribution of meat. Furthermore, the research emphasizes the archeozoological view of the butchery. The practical part consists of an analysis of butcher's marks on animal bone material excavated in the Wenceslas Square (trench 6).
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La Tene period in Bohemia from Archaeozoological perspective
OPELKOVÁ, Monika
The main aim of this thesis is to approach the economic history of a less explored period in our territory, which is the La T?ne period. The first part of the diploma thesis is focused on farming in the settlements of this period in Central Europe with an emphasis on the Czech environment. The practical part consists of the archaeozoological analysis of an osteological assemblage from Modlešovice site in South Bohemia, in order to approach the economic background of the settlement and the socio-economical significance of animals for humans in the La Tene period. The species composition of the fauna and their anatomical representation, age, health condition, etc. are monitored.
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Hunting in the early Middle Ages
Vaníčková Žemličková, Andrea ; Klápště, Jan (advisor) ; Žemlička, Josef (referee)
(in English): The thesis is devoted to hunting in Early Middle Ages in Czech Republic. The work summarizes the current knowledge of written sources and iconography. This knowledge are compared with zooarchaeological dates from sites dating to the Early Middle Ages. The thesis deals with the hunting law, hunting reserves and the hunting organization. The major part of this work is focused on game and its use. A portion of game on several hill forts and rural sites was also studied because hunting was not available for all social classes.
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The Paper on Understanding the Subsistence Manner on the Transition of Neolithic and Eneolithic Age (a Comparative Study between the Western Culture Complex and Regions of Bohemia and Moravia)
Mattová, Sabina ; Popelka, Miroslav (advisor) ; Neustupný, Evžen (referee) ; John, Jan (referee)
The study presented deals with the phenomenon of increased hunting activity on the transition of the Neolithic and Eneolithic Age, the reasons of which have been so far investigated only in regard to environmental conditions of locations. The phenomenon is observed on locations of a wide area of Middle Europe. Nevertheless, there exist locations with prevailing agricultural economy. On the basis of a detailed comparative analysis of the material culture of the Western culture circle and Bohemia and Moravia, the study aims to trace the reflection of the phenomenon in archaeological materials - differences between locations with predominant domestic sources, and locations with predominant wild sources. Alongside, the study deals with a possible environmental impact on increasing hunting tendencies. In order to created a database, a detailed catalogue of locations has been compiled. The catalogue holds the most essential information on material culture with regard to expected agricultural manners. The catalogue also serves as a clue for setting particular indicators of the database, the purpose of which is to organise the data in a comparable form. Subsequently, a descriptive database has been compiled. The database traces the reflection of agricultural base of the individual locations. By means of a...
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Waste Objects in Towns in the High Middle Ages and the Early Modern Period in Relation to Archeo-zoological Discoveries
MIKLOVÁ, Vendula
The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the function of waste objects in the archeological record from the archeo-zoological point of view. The research part focuses on general information concerning hygiene and waste disposal in medieval and early modern cities. It also addresses the methods of waste objects research and the occurrence of animals in cities. The practical part summarizes the analysis results of the archeo-zoological assemblage from the town hall in České Budějovice which dates back to the High Middle Ages and the early modern period.
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Pasture and its importance in La Téne and Roman Period
Belavá, Barbora ; Frank Danielisová, Alžběta (advisor) ; Pokorný, Petr (referee)
This Master thesis is dedicated to pasture and the overall image of animal husbandry in Central Europe in La Téne Period and Roman Age. An important part is evaluation of osteological assemblages grazed animals, the question of the spectrum of species and creating models applied in the territory of today's Czech republic. A meaningful component of this study is comparison farmed animals at the time of La Téne and Roman period. Keywords: pasture - animal husbandry - agriculture - La Téne period - Roman period - archaeozoology
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Animal exploitation for working purposes in the past from Archaeozoology view
OPELKOVÁ, Monika
This paper will focus to animal exploitation for working purposes in the past, especially in agriculture, based on degeneration changes on the bones of cattle and horses, which are caused by intensive strain of these animals. Firstly, I would like to introduce these changes in general, their classification, ways of harnessing and the oldest archaeological evidences of working exploitation of animals as well. Secondly, in practical part I will deal with analysis of archaeozoological collection from La Téne site in Modlešovice and study several pathological signs on it.
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Hunting in the early Middle Ages
Vaníčková Žemličková, Andrea ; Klápště, Jan (advisor) ; Žemlička, Josef (referee)
(in English): The thesis is devoted to hunting in Early Middle Ages in Czech Republic. The work summarizes the current knowledge of written sources and iconography. This knowledge are compared with zooarchaeological dates from sites dating to the Early Middle Ages. The thesis deals with the hunting law, hunting reserves and the hunting organization. The major part of this work is focused on game and its use. A portion of game on several hill forts and rural sites was also studied because hunting was not available for all social classes.
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Archaeozoology of Klementinum in Prague
Burian, Martin ; Kovačiková, Lenka (advisor) ; Kyselý, René (referee)
Diploma thesis Archaeozoology Klementinum in Prague studies the archaeozoological remains from the Klementinum in Prague dated between the late 11th and 15th century. The work is divided into two parts - the theoretical and the empirical part. The theoretical part focuses on the economic background of the medieval city and nutrition of its inhabitants. Other chapters focus on the historical context of Klementinum and characteristics of the archaeological research, which took place on its territory in 2012 - 2014. The research consists of material and methods and subsequent evaluation of the obtained data, which are discussed and compared with literature. The aim of this diploma thesis is to bring interpretation of human diet of people whom lived at the site of today's Klementinum in Prague, in different time periods (from the beginning of the peak to the late Middle Ages) through the analysis of animal bones. In conclusion this diploma thesis found the economic base of the territory and which animals have been consumed on the site. In different periods was observed increasing richness of species for documented animals. Also there was discussed the impact of arrival of the Dominican convent on the breding economy after a year 1232nd.
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Archeozoology of the Unetice culture in the light of divergent approaches
Trojánková, Olga ; Horáček, Ivan (advisor) ; Kovačiková, Lenka (referee)
This work summarizes results of a comprehensive analyses of the archaeozoological material on the settlement in Vlíněves dating to the Unetice culture (the early Bronze Age, Central Bohemia). The total of 5325 bones and teeth has been analysed within this analysis, 903 of them was determined and used for further analyses. The taxonomic structure of the material with a clear prevalence of domestic mammals was assessed, the proportion of other groups was low (7 species of wild animals). The application of stable isotopes and dental microwear analyses of faunal assemblage, first used in Bohemia in the context of the Bronze Age period, has specified the nature of a dietary base livestock as grassland habitats, and has ruled out a significant ratio of C4 plants and an application of forest pasture. The combined use of domestic animals with an increase emphasis on so-called secondary products (milk and wool) prove a bimodality in kill-off patterns of sheep and goats, height at withers of sheep, which corresponds to the breeds of sheep extended during the bronze age period and to the high mortality profile of cattle. The proposed results of our work are important in this context because they suggest these facts for the early Bronze Age already. In accordance with circumstances at other sits of Unetice...
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